Precipitation Hardened Stainless Steels (PHSS) are a class of high strength, corrosion resistant materials which derive their properties from secondary aging after a normalizing heat treatment. While PHSS materials are available in austenitic and semi-austenitic forms, the martensitic PHSS are most commonly used because they achieve the highest strength levels combined with good toughness. They can be an attractive low-cost investment cast material for many high specific strength applications where corrosion resistance is important. While the wrought grades of PHSS have been in continuous development for more than half a century, the corresponding investment cast grades of PHSS have received little attention. Only alloys 17-4PH and 15-5PH (CB7Cu, grades 1 and 2) are widely used in both military and commercial applications. Wrought PHSS specifications include alloys that develop high strength levels from one of a number of different precipitation systems. However, cast PH specifications in wide use are all based on a single copper-based precipitation system. While the chemistry of the cast and wrought copper-precipitation specifications are nearly identical, the cast grades require careful control of composition and processing to achieve desired properties. Comprehensive studies of structure/property/processing relationships for cast 17-4PH and 15-5PH alloys have not been reported, but studies of the corresponding wrought alloy systems provide insight into the requirements for composition control and process control. In addition, recent developments of higher strength non-Cu based precipitation hardened wrought steel alloys point the way to further development of investment cast PHSS alloys that can reach higher performance levels. The goal of this literature review is to develop better insight into appropriate composition and processing control of 17-4PH cast stainless steels and examine the existing barriers and insights into developing higher strength cast PH steels based on newly developed wrought PHSS precipitation systems.